Disputes over leasehold improvements are common in commercial real estate and can quickly become complicated. These disagreements often involve who owns the improvements, who pays for them, whether proper approval was given, or who is responsible for removing them when the lease ends. The best way to avoid these conflicts is with a clear, well-drafted lease. However, if a dispute does arise, it is important to understand your rights and to work with a litigation lawyer who can help protect your interests.

Repair and Storage liens can have surprising legal power, sometimes even more than a registered lender’s claim. Suppose a contractor finances an excavator through an equipment finance company. To secure the lien, the lender registers a purchase-money security interest (PMSI) under Ontario’s Personal Property Security Act (PPSA), which usually gives it top priority if the borrower defaults.